Which system is typically used for central air conditioning in residential buildings?

The split system is commonly employed for central air conditioning in residential buildings because it consists of two main components: an indoor unit and an outdoor condenser. This design allows for efficient cooling of the entire home rather than just one room. The indoor unit is typically installed in the home's ductwork, distributing cooled air throughout the various rooms, while the outdoor unit houses the compressor and condenser coil.

Split systems are favored for their energy efficiency and relatively quiet operation compared to window units or portable air conditioners, which are designed to cool specific areas rather than an entire building. This non-centralized approach offers limited cooling capabilities, making them less suitable for comprehensive cooling needs in residential settings.

Additionally, evaporative coolers operate differently by using water evaporation to cool the air, which is effective only in dry climates and not as versatile as the cooling capabilities provided by a split system. Therefore, for residential central air conditioning, the split system stands out as the most suitable choice, effectively managing temperature across large areas while utilizing a systematic duct network.